SUARA UNICEF OFFICIAL WEBSITE

KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HIV/AIDS

In the United States, over 600,000 reported cases of AIDS have been recorded since 1981 and it is believed that 900,000 Americans may be infected with HIV. Although development time varies from individual to individual, since 1992 scientists have estimated that roughly half of the people living with HIV will develop AIDS within 10 years of becoming infected. AIDS is growing most rapidly among minority populations, as well as women and injection drug users. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the prevalence of AIDS is six times higher in African-Americans and three times higher among Hispanics than among whites.
AIDS was first reported in the United States in 1981 and HIV was first identified in 1983, however, studies of stored blood samples indicate that HIV first entered the U.S. population in the late 1970s. Recently, there has been an overall stabilization in the emergence of new AIDS cases in the United States, however, worldwide the epidemic continues to rage, particularly in developing countries and the African continent. According to the NIAID, an estimated 30.6 million globally were living with HIV/AIDS as of December 1997 and the figure was projected to reach 40 million by the year 2000 -- more than 75% of adult infections were as a result of heterosexual contact.

What is HIV?
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the virus that leads to AIDS. HIV belongs to a subset of retroviruses called lentiviruses (or slow viruses), which means that there is an interval -- sometimes years -- between the initial infection and the onset of symptoms. Upon entering the bloodstream -- through mucous membranes or blood-to-blood contact -- HIV infects the CD4+T cells and begins to replicate rapidly.
Scientists believe that when the virus enters the body, HIV begins to disable the body's immune system by using the body's aggressive immune responses to the virus to infect, replicate and kill immune system cells. Gradual deterioration of immune function and eventual destruction of lymphoid and immunologic organs is central to triggering the immunosuppression that leads to AIDS.

What is AIDS?
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the final stage of HIV infection. The Centers for Disease Control establish the definition of AIDS, which occurs in HIV-infected persons with fewer than 200 CD4+T cells and/or persons with HIV who develop certain opportunistic infections. In 1992, the CDC redefined AIDS to include 26 CDC-defined AIDS indicator illnesses and clinical conditions that affect persons with advanced HIV.

What is a retrovirus?
A retrovirus is any of a group of viruses that contain two single-strand linear RNA molecules per virion, which means it carries its genetic blueprint in the form of ribonucleic acid (RNA) instead of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Additionally, the enzyme reverse transcriptase is employed to copy its genome into the DNA of the host cell's chromosomes. Usually the cellular process involves transcription of DNA into RNA. Reverse transcriptase makes it possible for genetic material to become permanently incorporated into the DNA genome of an infected cell.

What is the distinction between HIV and AIDS?
AIDS is a disease developed by a person living with HIV, which is a viral organism. The term AIDS applies to the most advanced stages of HIV infection. Although an HIV-positive test result does not mean that a person has AIDS, most people will develop AIDS as a result of their HIV infection.
There are four main stages in the progression of an HIV infected person developing AIDS. The period following the initial HIV infection is called the window period. It is called this because this period reflects the window of time between infection with the virus and when HIV antibodies develop in the bloodstream. An HIV test that looks for antibodies taken during this time can result in a false negative, though antibodies usually appear within six months of the initial infection.
Seroconversion refers to the period of time during which your body is busy producing HIV antibodies, trying to protect itself against the virus. This is the period after the initial infection when many people experience flu-like symptoms and swollen lymph nodes – this is a highly infectious stage.
After most people seroconvert, they usually experience a symptom-free period or asymptomatic period. This stage can last anywhere from 6 months to over 10 years, varying from person to person. Although the person with HIV is experiencing no symptoms, the virus is still replicating inside the body and weakening the immune system.
After this period, severe CD4+T cell loss leads to the symptomatic period, in which the body experiences the symptoms associated with HIV. This is the final stage before developing AIDS.

What are CD4+T cells?
CD4+T cells are the immune system's key infection fighters and the entity that allows HIV to enter, attach and infect the body's immune system. The CD4+T cells (also called T4 cells) are disabled and destroyed by the virus, often with no symptoms, causing a significant decrease in the blood levels of T4 cells. In the advanced stages of HIV, the body may have fewer than 200 T4 cells, while a healthy adult's count is 1,000 or more. In this way, the body's immune system is continuously weakened from the moment of infection and the inability of the immune system to fight infection opens the door to opportunistic infections.

What are opportunistic infections?
According to the CDC, AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses are the major cause of morbidity and mortality among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons. Opportunistic infections are a result of the weakened immune system present in persons with HIV/AIDS. An infection takes the "opportunity" provided by the weakened immune system to cause an illness that is usually controlled by a healthy immune system. These infections are sometimes life-threatening and require medical intervention to prevent or treat serious illnesses. Persons living with advanced HIV infection suffer opportunistic infections of the lungs, brain, eyes and other organs. The 26 CDC-defined AIDS indicator illnesses are opportunistic infections. There are medical treatments that can slow the rate at which the immune system is weakened and early detection offers more options for treatment and preventative care.

How is HIV transmitted?
HIV infection most commonly occurs through sexual contact. However, the virus can also be spread through blood-to-blood contact -- such as sharing needles or blood transfusions involving unscreened blood. Studies have shown that HIV is not transmitted through casual contact such as touching or sharing towels, bedding, utensils, telephones, swimming pools, or toilet seats. Scientists have also found no evidence of transmission through kissing, sweat, tears, urine or feces. It is important to acknowledge that it is not sex that transmits HIV, but certain bodily fluids: blood, semen (including "pre-cum"), vaginal secretions and breast milk. High-risk behaviors that can result in HIV transmission are sharing needles for drugs, tattoos, body piercing, vitamins or steroids with an HIV-infected person and/or engaging in unprotected anal, vaginal or oral sex with a person who is HIV infected. The virus also can be transmitted from an HIV-infected mother to her child through pregnancy, birth or breastfeeding.
It does appear that persons already infected with a sexually transmitted disease are more susceptible to acquiring HIV during sex with an infected partner. Mucous membranes, a weak point in the skin, include the lips, mouth, vagina, vulva, penis or rectum. Because mucous membranes are porous and viruses and other pathogens are able to pass through, these areas are rich in immune cells. When a person already has a sexually transmitted disease, sex organs may be flooded with CD4+T cells, making it much easier for HIV to infect.
The only way to determine HIV infection is to be tested for the virus. It is not unusual for HIV-infected persons to experience symptoms years after the initial infection; some may be symptom free for over 10 years. However, during the asymptomatic period, the virus is actively multiplying and destroying cells in the immune system, weakening the body's ability to fight infection. The effect is most keenly observed in the decline of the immune system's key infection fighters in the blood, the CD4+T cells. There are medical treatments that can reduce the rate at which HIV disables the immune system; early detection offers more options for treatment and preventative care. As a matter of safety, people who engage in high-risk behaviors -- such as intravenous drug use or having unprotected

August 23, 2009

Salam Ramadhan Al-Mubarak...........

Walau apa jua keadaan, Ramadhan perlu ditempuh dengan kesabaran bagi mendapat keredhaannya.. Perkara yang sepatutnya dilaksanakan dalam bulan Ramadhan ialah :-

1. Berpuasa penuh sebulan . Tapi ia terkecuali kepada wanita yang mengalami ……. Orang yang uzur dan perkara-perkara yang dibenarkan untuk dikecualikan. Rujuk ustaz/ustazah anda.. :)
2. Solat tarawikh penuh sebulan. Terkecuali kepada wanita yang ……………. Orang yang dikecualikan..
3. Memperbanyakkan ibadah..
4. Berjimat cermat.
5. Menguruskan badan.
6. Baca Al- Quran.

Tapi yang selalu dilakukan pula..

1. Curi-curi makan .. Lepas tu balik rumah tunjuk konon-konon puasa.. Berdosa..
2. Tidur.. Memanglah dalam bulan Ramadhan ni disunatkan puasa tapi kalau membongkang separuh hari amende ibadah yang dapat.. Nak lagi best sembahyang pun ntah ke mana. Kalau yang keje tu, pantang rehat berterabur kat surau.. Ada tu sampai mengingau tu tidur tengahari… Nasihat untuk diri sendiri ni..
3. Jaga pemandangan. Faham-fahamlah kan.. Pantang tengok perempuan/lelaki seksi sikit menjeling matanya.. Kena jaga, nanti dapat lapar je..
4. Pasar Ramadhan. Sepatutnya bulan Ramadhan dapat jimatkan wang gaji tapi makin habis plak duit. Kalau biasa pergi kerja makan dalam RM5 (kawasan Melaka) tapi hari puasa belanja sampai berbelas ringgit. Apa taknya pegi pasar Ramadhan mata rambang.. Semua nak dibelinya.. Hujung bulan nak raya mencungap..
5. Pelikkan kalau masa bulan puasa tapi berat badan tetap naik-naik. Mungkinebook panduan diet boleh membantu mendisplinkan anda.

Rasanya mampu ke saya dan anda semua memperbaiki kesilapan dan kelemahan yang dilakukan pada Ramadhan yang lalu?? Harap-harap mampu menjadi lebih baik..

August 02, 2009

(Sukan Paralimpik) Asean Para Games [10 - 19 Ogos 2009]

Skuad Sukarelawan Remaja Rakan Muda-UNICEF (SSRMU) ingin mempelawa sesiapa sahaja yang berminat untuk menjadi sukarelawan bagi (Sukan Paralimpik) Asean Para Games [10 - 19 Ogos 2009].

Pada 10 - 14 Ogos 2009 latihan kepada semua sukarelawan akan diberikan, 15 - 19 Ogos 2009 ialah tarikh perlawanan berlangsung. Sepanjang tempoh ini, ELAUN dan PENGINAPAN disediakan.

Borang boleh di muat turun dari laman web Asean Para Games.
Keterangan lanjut sila hubungi Saudara Azmi - 012 939 8186 / Saudari Hasimah - 012 459 8819.
- selewat-lewatnya 31 Julai 2009 (Jumaat) bagi urusan pendaftaran yang akan persatuan lakukan.

Senarai tugas sebagai sukarelawan (Sila Klik) - dari web Asean Para Games

July 16, 2009

NAK TENGOK GAMBAR KITE ?????

AHAKZ....
urm...mesti korang rindu kat ad kan??
ahahaha...
melawak jek...
kite kan same2 rindu antara satu sama lain...
urmm,,,
kalau korang perasan kan,
kat ruangan "PAUTAN KAMI" ader link ke koleksi gambar...
ha,dah tu?? ape lagi??klik je kat situ..
dan kemudian,tengok la gambar2 korang yang CuTe2 blake uwn...
ahakz...
harap jadi pengubat rindu dihati...
by the way, THANKS to GiNNie,,,,
hope to see u all again..
daaaa.............
love u all,miss u all,,

July 02, 2009

PROGRAM SKUAD SUKARELAWAN REMAJA RAKAN MUDA UNICEF SIRI ii

Ha........program yang ditunggu-tunggu dah pun berjaya dijalankan...Syabas la kepada semua pihak yang terlibat secara langsung dan tak langsung k...Hurm,dapat gak kite semua berjumpa lagi kan...walaupun ader penambahan ahli skuad yang baru,tapi tu x jadi hal lah...Semangat kekeluargaan tetap diteruskan macam dulu gak...dalam fasa 2 ni kan,banyak mende baru yang dipelajari...huhu..kene wat outreach yang lebih mencabar..mendekati sendiri golongan "pengguna dadah",masuk ke "Port",buat mapping..n banyak lagi kalau nak diceritakan,,,buat setakat nih,ni je dulu yang dapat ad taip...demam lol,,,x larat..hahaha...see u soon..love u all....

April 23, 2009

SKUAD SUKARELAWAN RAKAN MUDA- UNICEF KEMBALI!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! (FASA 2)

SEPERTIMANA YANG KITA SEMUA TUNGGU-TUNGGU KAN,
HA,
PROGRAM NI DAH PUN DI KOMPEMKAN TARIKHNYE OLEH PIHAK ATASAN...
PROGRAM : SKUAD SUKARELAWAN REMAJA RAKAN MUDA - UNICEF
TARIKH : 17 - 24 MEI 2009!!!(bukan tarikh lain)
TEMPAT : KUANTAN, PAHANG DARUL MAKMUR
TEMPAT KUMPUL : KOMPLEKS RAKAN MUDA KUANTAN, PAHANG DARUL MAKMUR

SO, NI PESANAN PADE SEMUA AHLI SKUAD,
JANGAN NGADE2 X NK PEGI,
CZ KITE KAN FAMILY...
X MAU GADUH2...
X MAU,X MAU..
NGEEEE...........
SAPE GADUH2, AD GIGIT NT..
HAHAHA...
SEMOGA PROGRAM NIH DAPAT ERAT KAN BALIK SILATURRAHIM KITE NI YEK..
RINDU KAT KORANG..
SEE U ALL THERE...